Global Health Promotion 2016;Suppl 1:1825. Strategies promote values, attitudes, and behaviors that acknowledge the cultural diversity of students; optimize relevance to students from multiple cultures in the school community; strengthen students skills necessary to engage in intercultural interactions; and build on the cultural resources of families and communities. Teaching functional health information (essential knowledge). United Nations General Assembly. An effective curriculum links students to other influential persons who affirm and reinforce healthpromoting norms, attitudes, values, beliefs, and behaviors. An effective curriculum builds essential skills including communication, refusal, assessing accuracy of information, decision-making, planning and goal-setting, self-control, and self-management that enable students to build their personal confidence, deal with social pressures, and avoid or reduce risk behaviors. You will be subject to the destination website's privacy policy when you follow the link. For each skill, students are guided through a series of developmental steps: An effective curriculum provides accurate, reliable, and credible information for usable purposes so students can assess risk, clarify attitudes and beliefs, correct misperceptions about social norms, identify ways to avoid or minimize risky situations, examine internal and external influences, make behaviorally relevant decisions, and build personal and social competence. The Initiative is designed to improve the health of students, school personnel, families and other members of the community through schools. When autocomplete results are available use up and down arrows to review and enter to select. Interventions aiming at reduction of problem behaviours have been shown to enhance emotional and social development of children and adolescents [49]. Influencing health-related behaviours: knowledge, beliefs, skills, attitudes, values, support. The data were collected from the schools participated in HKHSA and they underwent the assessments on voluntary basis. Therefore, indicators of HPS should highlight the ways in which schools would be able to adopt HPS principles successfully and the conditions to be in place to flourish [10]. Evaluation of health promotion in schools: a realistic evaluation Helping schools to become health-promoting environments an evaluation of the Wessex healthy schools award. Shaping personal values and beliefs that support healthy behaviors. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was utilised to analyse for significant improvement of school health profile measured at baseline (n=104) and among those schools implemented the Hong Kong Healthy School Award Scheme (n=54). With regard to community link, the core indicators reflecting school in consultation with community bodies and parents, and working with them to promote community health education activities, and/or discussion on healthy school policies, have shown significant correlation with self-reported good health and better health as well as better life satisfaction (Table4b). Accessed 10 Aug 2019. Review. Ongoing professional development and training is critical for helping teachers implement a new curriculum or implement strategies that require new skills in teaching or assessment. A recent guidance by WHO and other UN partners - Global accelerated action for the health of adolescents (AA-HA! Family Involvement in School-Based Health Promotion: Bringing Nutrition A short-term or one shot curriculum, delivered for a few hours at one grade level, is generally insufficient to support the adoption and maintenance of healthy behaviors. Schools would follow the relevant guidelines to establish school health services by their respective authorities. However, we are still observing high prevalence of those youth health risk behaviours in both developed and developing countries with around 30 to 40% of young people who had drunk alcohol and around 30 to 50% taken drug in Australia and US, and around 80% of secondary school students have been found to be physically active in Hong Kong, Macao, Taipei and US [3,4,5]. The term "physical activity" should not be confused with "exercise Social determinants of health is a complex issue influencing the health of populations particularly in lower- and middle-income countries. It is No education system is effective unless it promotes BMC Public Health 19, 1088 (2019). This study aimed to change the dairy consumption behavior based on the TTM in female students. The core indicators under Action Competencies for Healthy Living (Table4a) shown to have significant correlation with student health reflect the importance of curriculum design for health education, student engagement, staff professional development and school as resource centre for health information. Making every schoola health-promoting school - World Health Organization Griebler U, Rojatz D, Simovska V, Forster R. Effects of student participation in school health promotion: a systematic review. Climate change will exacerbate current and underlying burden of disease. Saving Lives, Protecting People. The aim of this article was to determine key characteristics that school leaders possessed which enabled them to turn their schools to health-promoting ones. The concept of Health Promoting School is developed to promote learning and . Lee A. A total of 20 core indicators among all the six Key Areas of Health Promoting School (6 indicators under action competencies, 2 under community link, 2 under physical environment, 2 under social environment, 4 under healthy school policies, 1 under services of school health protection) have been identified with the method mentioned above. K6 scale by Kessler and colleagues [42] has been used to assess emotional disturbance [40] as well as Life Satisfaction scale by Huebner and colleagues [42] as part of HKSHQ building up the student health profile. 1998;13(1):2744. UNESCO and WHO urge countries to make every school a health-promoting school, WHO urges governments to promote healthy food in public facilities. 2002;50(5):22336. Promoting dairy consumption behavior in the school setting: an Accessed 10 Aug 2019. The School Well-being Model derives its theoretical background from the sociological theory of welfare. Led by a WHO/UNESCO task force, an external advisory group is being created including other UN agencies, and contributors from universities, international networks, institutions, international and regional Civil Society Organizations representing the education and health sectors. 2005;20(2):17786. Sharing personal thoughts, feelings, and opinions. Lee A, St Leger L, Moon AS. HPS needs to adopt the Critical Health Education (CHE) approach which requires empowerment of students in capacity building developing to act upon the wider social determinants of health [45, 46]. An ecological model of health promotion is needed to address the complex interaction of environmental, organisational, and personal factors such as healthy setting approach, recognising the contextual issue as well as investment in social systems in which people spend their daily lives. Those indicators showing statistical significance were chosen to be part of the core indicators reflecting effective Health Promoting School. Findings of the Harvard School of Public Health College Alcohol Study have shown that underage drinking behaviour of the college student could be reduced by additional policy efforts [56]. In the SHE network a health promoting school is defined as 'a school that implements a structured and systematic plan for the health, well-being and the development of social capital of all pupils and of teaching and non-teaching staff' (SHE, 2014). Under the key area, Schools Physical Environment, the indicator School has a system in place to ensure that all food sold or served in school promote healthy eating (PE 4.1) was also chosen even though the difference of mean between Baseline and Award was found to be less than 0.25. 2000;15(6):71928. An effective curriculum provides opportunities for students to analyze personal and social pressures to engage in risky behaviors, such as media influence, peer pressure, and social barriers. The World Health Organization's Health Promoting Schools (HPS) framework is a holistic approach to promoting health and educational attainment in school. Kessler RC, Green JG, Gruber MJ, Sampson NA, Bromet E, Cuitan M, Furukawa TA, Gureje O, Hinkov H, Hu CY, Lara C. Screening for serious mental illness in the general population with the K6 screening scale: results from the WHO world mental health (WMH) survey initiative. By promoting healthy behaviour from early childhood through the school setting, it would benefit the childr A health-promoting school is a school that consistently strengthens its capacity as a safe and healthy setting for teaching, learning and working. Lancet. CAS Its scope and activities are ideally comprehensive and multifaceted. CHEP. Arthur S, Barnard M, Day N, Ferguson C, Gilby N, Hussey D, Morrell G, Purdon S. Evaluation of National Healthy Schools Programme: final report for Department of Health. Primary four students and secondary three students were selected among those schools to analyse the changes in student health behaviours, self-reported health status and emotional health for consistency and to understand the cumulative impact of HPS at this mid-point of schooling making use of HKSHQ [35, 40, 41]. Making every schoola health-promoting school - World Health Organization Global, regional, and national comparative risk assessment of 79 behavioural, environmental and occupational, and metabolic risks or clusters of risks in 188 countries, 19902013: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2013. Global mortality and morbidity estimates in children and adolescents suggest that school age children have significant needs for health promotion, prevention and health care services. Positive youth development in the United States: research findings on evaluations of positive youth development programs. COVID-19 has affected children and adolescents physical and mental health as well as social well-being. First workshop on practice of evaluation of the Health Promoting School: models, experiences and perspectives: executive summary. These strong links have never been Schools are essential for young people to acquireknowledge, socioemotional skills including selfregulationand resilience, and critical thinking WHO's Global School Health Initiative, launched in 1995, seeks to mobilise and strengthen health promotion and education activities at the local, national, regional and global levels. 2017;2(4):20014. Dimbleby H and Vincent J. Helping Schools to Promote Healthy Educational Environments as New Initiatives for School Based Management: The Hong Kong Healthy Schools Award Scheme. A health promoting school is one that constantly strengthens its capacity as a healthy setting for living, learning and working. The indicators of student health profile describe the health status of students including life satisfaction and emotional health, and health behaviours. Nutrition education for school-aged children. Nutrition knowledge transmitted through classroom teaching alone might not be sufficient to influence adolescents eating patterns as they need access to healthy food with social support [54]. 2017;32(2):21830. Discussing the importance of the skill, its relevance, and relationship to other learned skills. Huebner ES, Seligson JL, Valois RF, Suldo SM. CDC twenty four seven. Sussman, S. Risk factors for and prevention of tobacco use. The initiative will build on the Focusing Resources on Effective School Health (FRESH) partnership. Health Educ J. Our model proposes to clarify the theoretical void in school well-being evaluation. Additional Basic Requirements for HPS identified by ANOVA. Held in Switzerland, Bern/Thun: ENHPS 1998. https://apps.who.int/iris/handle/10665/108542 Accessed 10 Aug 2019. Not applicable as consent has been obtained for data collection and no identities will be disclosed. Description of the programme. The concept of Health Promoting School (HPS) initiated by WHO aims to move beyond individual behavioural change and consider organisational and structural change such as improving the school's physical and social environment, its curricula, teaching and learning methods [ 6, 7 ]. GBD 2016 SDG Collaborators. Addresses social pressures and influences. Article The impact of enhancing students social and emotional learning: a meta-analysis of school-based universal interventions. Uses strategies designed to personalize information and engage students. The health-promoting school: organisation and policy development in welsh secondary schools. Literature has highlighted the importance of comprehensive integrated approach via negotiated and systematic planning, leadership and management for effective implementation of HPS [12, 43, 44]. The characteristics that potentially make student councils successful concern the council composition, election procedures of representatives, positions and procedures and frequency and timing of. On the basis of Poder's theory, Sousa et al. HPS framework is enabling school to become an appropriate setting for health promotion so it needs a clearer translation for action to create a new era for school health [21]. Copenhagen : WHO Regional Office for Europe, 1999. Google Scholar. Manila: WHO/WPRO, 2009. BMC Public Health GBD 2013 Risk Factors Collaborators. [19, 20]. New York: United Nations, 2011. http://www.un.org/ga/search/view_doc.asp?symbol=A/66/L.1&referer=http://www.un.org/en/ga/ncdmeeting2011/&Lang=E. 2006;60(6):5306. PubMed Central Development of health-promoting schools-A framework for action. It provides instructional strategies and learning experiences that motivate students to critically examine personal perspectives, thoughtfully consider new arguments that support health-promoting attitudes and values, and generate positive perceptions about protective behaviors and negative perceptions about risk behaviors. The characteristics that potentially make student councils successful concern the council composition, election procedures of representatives, positions and procedures and frequency and timing of council meetings, communication between council and the student body or other actors, the decisionmaking power of the council, supportive school context and training of councillors and staff . Fitzpatrick KJ. Med Educ. Accessed 10 Aug 2019. (PDF 213 kb), Appendix 3.Pearson correlation coefficients between HKSHQ measures and core indicators. 2013;20:3950. Abstract. Methods An effective curriculum provides instructional strategies and learning experiences to help students accurately assess the level of risk-taking behavior among their peers (for example, how many of their peers use illegal drugs), correct misperceptions of peer and social norms, emphasizes the value of good health, and reinforces health-enhancing attitudes and beliefs. The WHO Health Promoting School framework for improving the health and well-being of students and their academic achievement Rebecca Langford1, . Effects of Multidimensional Self-Esteems on Health Promotion Behaviors It moves beyond a focus on individual behaviour towards a wide range of social and environmental interventions" (4). No indicators under school physical environment were found with the difference of at least 0.25 and only PE 4.1 was found to have the largest difference between Baseline and Award. This is a retrospective correlation study. Public Health. PubMed Shaping group norms that value a healthy lifestyle. Torres I. New York: Routledge; 2015. https://philpapers.org/rec/FITHEC Accessed 10 Aug 2019. Advantages of a health-promoting school Components and checkpoints for health-promoting schools School health policies The physical environment of the school The school's social environment Community relationships Personal health skills Health services Health Promot Int. The difference of scores among schools with different levels of Award for each component of respective key area was then analysed by ANOVA with level of statistical significance at 0.05. Correspondence to Strives to provide a healthy environment, school health education, and school health services along with school/community projects and outreach, health promotion programmes for staff, nutrition and food safety programmes, opportunities for physical education and recreation, and programmes for counselling, social support and mental health promotion. 2014;32(2):195206. Those indicators with statistical significance were also chosen to be part of the core indicators. 2004;591(1):98124. 1999;3:1201. Aus Family Physician. Youth risk behaviour in a Chinese population: a territory wide youth risk Behavioural surveillance in Hong Kong. WHO launched eight Global Standards on Health Promoting Schools in 2021 to strengthen implementation of comprehensive school health programme along with creating supportive environment for children, adolescents, staff and community. (PDF 233 kb). Learning experiences correspond with students cognitive and emotional development, help them personalize information, and maintain their interest and motivation while accommodating diverse capabilities and learning styles. Durlak JA, Weissberg RP, Dymnicki AB, Taylor RD, Schellinger KB. Student health survey. Terms and Conditions, 2017;144:412. AL designed the study and drafted the manuscript; ASCL designed the study and drafted the manuscript; MWK and CMAK provided advice on the study design; KKW was responsible for the data analysis and preparation of the tables. ANNALS Am Acad Political Soc Sci. When autocomplete results are available use up and down arrows to review and enter to select. Characteristics of Effective Health Education Curricula - SHER Preventing leading causes of death, disease and disability: helminths, tobacco use, HIV/AIDS/STDs, sedentary lifestyle, drugs and alcohol, violence and injuries, unhealthy nutrition. Provided by the Springer Nature SharedIt content-sharing initiative. National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Physical Activity and Sedentary Behaviors and Academic Grades, Tobacco Product Use Behaviors and Academic Grades, Other Health Behaviors and Academic Grades, Characteristics of an Effective Curriculum, Tips for Promoting School Employee Wellness, Physical Education Curriculum Analysis Tool, Health Education Curriculum Analysis Tool (HECAT), Body Mass Index (BMI) Measurement in Schools, Inclusive School Physical Education and Physical Activity, Physical Activity Before and After School, What School Nutrition Professionals Need to Know About COVID-19, Modifying School Spaces During Mealtimes to Reduce Spread of COVID-19, Supporting Students with Chronic Health Conditions in School-Based OST Programs, Healthy and Supportive School Environments, Strategies to Create a Healthy and Supportive School Environment, Strategies to Help Parents and Families Create Healthy and Supportive School Environments, How Families Can Support Student Health and Emotional Well-being, Toolkit for Schools: Engaging Parents to Support Student Health and Emotional Well-being, School Nutrition and Healthy and Supportive School Environments, School-based Physical Activity and the Social and Emotional Climate, Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance System (YRBSS), School Health Policies and Practices Study (SHPPS), e-Learning Series: Training Tools for Healthy Schools, Comprehensive School Physical Activity Program, Guide to Evaluating Professional Development, Understanding the Training of Trainers Model, Professional Development Follow-Up Support, How to Build a Training Cadre: A Step-by-Step Process, Guide to Promoting Professional Development, Whole School, Whole Community, Whole Child (WSCC), Create an Inclusive Fitness and Sports Culture, Encourage healthy eating in school and at home, Dental Sealants Can Improve Students Oral Health, Help Kids Learn New Skills to Be Healthy During the Summer, Engaging Parents to Promote Healthy Schools, Funded Nongovernmental Organizations for Healthy Schools, BAM!